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Professional services businesses should start with the liability created by their advice, designs, recommendations, or deliverables—not with a package label. This playbook maps the professional-liability, general- liability, cyber, and management-liability decisions to the work you do, the contracts you sign, and the continuity terms that can decide whether a later claim reaches a policy at all.
No. General liability policies exclude bodily injury to your own employees — Texas's insurance regulator puts it plainly: CGL is not intended to cover workers' compensation or employer's liability. The exclusion reaches further than owners expect, because a state can treat your 1099 workers as employees, and the exclusion follows them.
Usually yes — not by law, but because the two forces that matter point the same way: client contracts increasingly require E&O before you can sign, and general liability explicitly won't cover what consultants actually get sued over — advice and work product that costs a client money. If your recommendations drive client decisions, E&O is the policy that responds.
At the first priced round or the first outside board seat — whichever comes first. The consistent trigger across the startup insurance market is outside money: brokers advise binding D&O by or shortly after a priced round, and founders report investors requiring it before taking a board seat. Before that point, it's judgment rather than obligation.
Third-party bodily injury, property damage, and advertising injury.
Professional LiabilityFinancial harm to clients from your advice or work.
Directors & Officers (D&O)Personal liability of leadership, and the company's duty to indemnify.
Employment Practices Liability (EPLI)Wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment, and retaliation claims.
Umbrella & Excess LiabilityAdditional limits stacked above your primary liability policies.
Liquor LiabilityClaims from serving alcohol — excluded from general liability.
Product LiabilityInjury or damage caused by products you make or sell.
Cyber InsuranceLiability to customers and third parties from data breaches, security failures, and the claims that follow.